Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) or Pulse Duration Modulation (PDM) is a technique of converting analog signals into rectangular waveforms. The width of the waveform varies in proportion with the ...

A few weeks ago, Dan Banquer of R.E. Designs forwarded me a very interesting AES paper entitled "0dBFS+ Levels in Digital Mastering" by Soren H. Nielsen and Thomas Lund of T.C. Electronic A/S.

Figure 1. The AES/EBU digital audio data structure. Click here to see an enlarged diagram. Figure 2. Conceptual block diagram of an AES/EBU channel encoder. Click here to see an enlarged diagram.

The author is technical publications manager and a senior technical writer at Audio Precision in Beaverton, Ore. When reduced to its basics, the process of audio test and measurement is concerned with ...

When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Here’s how it works. Figure 1. The typical levels in analog voltage measurement. Click here to see an enlarged diagram ...

This article is part of the Ideas for Design Series: Vol. 3, No. 7. This simple, robust, and low-cost signal generator, based on the LM386 power amplifier IC, provides a trio of audio-band signals ...

This circuit can be used to remotely monitor a loudspeaker, alarm, or audio source for presence of an audio waveform. It can also be directly connected across loudspeaker terminals used as a peak ...